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DNAH11 gene
Reviewed by Medicinsk Expert•Last updated: 2026-10-22•Gene

DNAH11 gene

The DNAH11 gene provides instructions for a protein component of dynein, a complex essential for the movement of cilia throughout the body.

Normal Function

The DNAH11 gene provides instructions for making a protein that is part of a larger group of proteins called dynein. This complex functions within cell structures called cilia—microscopic, finger-like projections found on the surface of cells in the airway, reproductive system, and other organs. Coordinated back-and-forth movement of cilia moves the cell or the fluid surrounding it.

Dynein forms structures known as inner dynein arms (IDAs) and outer dynein arms (ODAs) within the core of many cilia (the axoneme). The DNAH11 gene specifically provides instructions for the heavy chain 11 protein, which is found in ODAs. Coordinated movement of these dynein arms provides the force necessary for the axoneme to bend.

Health Conditions Related to Genetic Changes

Primary ciliary dyskinesia

Variants in the DNAH11 gene cause primary ciliary dyskinesia, a condition characterized by respiratory tract infections, abnormally placed internal organs, and decreased fertility. These variants lead to a reduction in functional heavy chain 11 proteins.

  • Without this subunit, dynein cannot assemble normally.
  • The outer dynein arms may be shorter than usual or absent.
  • As a result, cilia cannot produce the force needed to bend, leading to the symptoms associated with the condition.

Heterotaxy syndrome

Variants in the DNAH11 gene have also been associated with heterotaxy syndrome, a condition involving the abnormal placement of internal organs.

Other Names for This Gene

  • DNAHBL
  • DNAHC11
  • DPL11
  • dynein heavy chain beta-like
  • dynein, axonemal, heavy polypeptide 11
  • dynein, ciliary, heavy chain 11

Genomic Location

The DNAH11 gene is found on chromosome 7.

Frequently Asked Questions

DNAH11 mutations can impair sperm motility in men and affect ciliary function in the fallopian tubes of women, leading to reduced fertility. Assisted reproductive technologies such as intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) for men and in vitro fertilization (IVF) for women can bypass ciliary defects. Genetic counseling is recommended to discuss risks of recurrence and options like pre‑implantation genetic testing.
Management focuses on preventing infections and improving airway clearance. Regular chest physiotherapy, mucolytic agents, and prophylactic antibiotics during exacerbations are common. For respiratory distress, bronchodilators and inhaled steroids may help. In severe cases, airway clearance devices or even lung transplantation may be considered. Genetic counseling and multidisciplinary care are essential for optimal outcomes.
Infants with DNAH11 mutations often have chronic, recurrent respiratory infections such as pneumonia or bronchitis, persistent wet cough, and difficulty clearing mucus. They may also exhibit nasal congestion, ear infections, or failure to thrive. In some cases, a laterality defect (e.g., situs inversus) can be detected on imaging, prompting further evaluation for ciliary dysfunction.
Prenatal detection is possible if a family history or known mutation exists. Targeted DNA testing (e.g., amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling) can identify the specific DNAH11 variant. Additionally, detailed fetal ultrasound or fetal MRI can assess organ positioning and detect situs abnormalities. Early diagnosis allows for planning of postnatal care.
Source: MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine

MedlinePlus brings together authoritative health information from the National Library of Medicine (NLM), the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and other government agencies and health-related organizations.

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