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Brain Aneurysm
Reviewed by Medicinsk Expert•Last updated: 2026-10-22•Blood Heart Circulation

Brain Aneurysm

A brain aneurysm is an abnormal bulge or "ballooning" in the wall of an artery in the brain, often symptomless until it becomes large, leaks, or bursts, which can lead to severe symptoms requiring immediate medical attention.

Overview

A brain aneurysm is an abnormal bulge or "ballooning" in the wall of an artery in the brain. They are sometimes called berry aneurysms because they are often the size of a small berry. Most brain aneurysms produce no symptoms until they become large, begin to leak blood, or burst.

Symptoms

If a brain aneurysm presses on nerves in your brain, it can cause signs and symptoms. These can include:

  • A droopy eyelid
  • Double vision or other changes in vision
  • Pain above or behind the eye
  • A dilated pupil
  • Numbness or weakness on one side of the face or body

Treatment & Emergency Symptoms

Treatment depends on the size and location of the aneurysm, whether it is infected, and whether it has burst. If a brain aneurysm bursts, symptoms can include a sudden, severe headache, nausea and vomiting, stiff neck, loss of consciousness, and signs of a stroke. Any of these symptoms requires immediate medical attention.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the critical warning signs of a ruptured brain aneurysm, and what immediate action should be taken?::A ruptured brain aneurysm is a medical emergency. The most critical warning sign is a sudden, extremely severe headache, often described as "the worst headache of your life." Other symptoms can include nausea and vomiting, a stiff neck, sudden blurred or double vision, sensitivity to light, a drooping eyelid, loss of consciousness, or signs of a stroke like weakness or numbness on one side of the body. If you or someone you know experiences these symptoms, call emergency services immediately. Do not wait.
If an unruptured brain aneurysm is discovered, what are the typical management or treatment options?::If an unruptured brain aneurysm is found, treatment depends on its size, location, your age, overall health, and family history. Small, asymptomatic aneurysms may be managed with careful monitoring through regular imaging scans (watchful waiting) and controlling risk factors like high blood pressure. For larger or higher-risk aneurysms, treatment options include surgical clipping (where a surgeon places a tiny metal clip at the base of the aneurysm) or endovascular coiling (where a catheter is used to fill the aneurysm with tiny coils to block blood flow). Your neurosurgeon will discuss the best approach for your specific situation.
What are the main risk factors for developing a brain aneurysm?::While the exact cause isn't always clear, several factors can increase your risk of developing a brain aneurysm. These include a family history of brain aneurysms, certain genetic disorders (like polycystic kidney disease or Ehlers-Danlos syndrome), high blood pressure, smoking, heavy alcohol use, and drug abuse (especially cocaine). Older age and being female are also considered risk factors. Managing blood pressure and avoiding smoking are crucial steps to reduce your risk.
Source: MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine

MedlinePlus brings together authoritative health information from the National Library of Medicine (NLM), the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and other government agencies and health-related organizations.

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