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Tendinitis
Reviewed by Medicinsk Expert•Last updated: 2026-10-22•Bones Joints Muscles

Tendinitis

Tendinitis is the severe swelling of a tendon, the flexible tissue that connects muscle to bone, often resulting from repeated injury.

Overview

Tendons are flexible bands of tissue that connect muscles to bones, allowing muscles to move the bones. Tendinitis is defined as the severe swelling of a tendon.

Causes and Risk Factors

Tendinitis usually occurs following repeated injury to an area, such as the wrist or ankle. It results in pain and soreness around a joint. Several common forms of tendinitis are named after the sports that increase the risk of developing them, including:

  • Tennis elbow
  • Golfer's elbow
  • Pitcher's shoulder
  • Swimmer's shoulder
  • Jumper's knee

Diagnosis and Treatment

Doctors diagnose tendinitis by reviewing a patient's medical history, performing a physical exam, and utilizing imaging tests. The primary goal of treatment is to reduce pain and swelling. Initial steps include rest, wrapping or elevating the affected area, and medication. Ice is particularly helpful for recent, severe injuries. Additional treatments may include ultrasound, physical therapy, steroid injections, and surgery.

Frequently Asked Questions

Recovery time varies significantly depending on the severity of the inflammation and the specific tendon involved. Mild cases often improve within two to four weeks with consistent rest and physical therapy, while chronic or severe cases can take several months. Factors that influence healing include the patient's age, overall health, adherence to rehabilitation exercises, and whether the underlying repetitive motion causing the injury has been fully modified or stopped.
Warning signs that the condition is progressing include pain that persists during rest or at night, a noticeable decrease in range of motion or strength in the affected limb, and swelling that does not subside after 48 hours of rest and ice. If over-the-counter pain relievers no longer provide adequate relief or if the pain begins to interfere with daily activities like gripping objects or walking, it is crucial to seek medical evaluation to prevent permanent tendon damage or rupture.
Ice is generally recommended for the first 48 to 72 hours after an acute injury or flare-up to reduce immediate swelling and pain. After this initial phase, or if the condition is chronic without significant acute swelling, heat therapy can be more beneficial. Heat helps increase blood flow to the area, relaxes tight muscles, and prepares the tendon for stretching exercises. If you are unsure, consult a physical therapist to determine the appropriate modality for your specific stage of recovery.
While diet alone cannot cure tendinitis, maintaining adequate protein intake supports tissue repair, and staying hydrated helps maintain the elasticity of connective tissues. Anti-inflammatory foods, such as those rich in omega-3 fatty acids, may help manage systemic inflammation. Additionally, ensuring proper footwear and ergonomic adjustments in the workplace or during sports are critical lifestyle changes that reduce mechanical stress on the tendon, allowing the healing process to proceed without further irritation.
Source: MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine

MedlinePlus brings together authoritative health information from the National Library of Medicine (NLM), the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and other government agencies and health-related organizations.

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