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Hearing Aids
Reviewed by Medicinsk Expert•Last updated: 2026-10-22•Ear Nose Throat

Hearing Aids

Hearing aids are electronic devices worn in or behind the ear that amplify sound to assist those with hearing loss.

Overview

A hearing aid makes sounds louder, helping people hear more effectively in both quiet and noisy environments. These devices assist individuals who have hearing loss resulting from damage to the small sensory cells in the inner ear. This damage can be caused by disease, aging, or injury from noise or certain medicines.

Types and Selection

There are various types of hearing aids that differ by size, placement, and the level of sound amplification. The best device for an individual depends on the type and severity of their hearing loss.

Options for Obtaining Hearing Aids

If you believe you need a hearing aid, there are two primary options:

  • Over-the-counter (OTC) hearing aids: These can be purchased directly without a prior hearing exam from a healthcare professional. They are intended for adults with mild to moderate hearing loss.
  • Prescription hearing aids: These are obtained through an audiologist—a health professional specializing in hearing and balance disorders. The audiologist will program the device based on the severity of the hearing loss. This route is recommended for those with significant or complicated hearing loss.

Frequently Asked Questions

Clean your hearing aids daily with a dry, lint-free cloth to remove wax and moisture. Use a dedicated drying kit or dehumidifier at night to prevent moisture damage, which is a leading cause of device failure. Avoid using alcohol, solvents, or water to clean the devices, and store them in a secure case when not in use. Regular professional cleaning and battery or battery checks by an audiologist are also essential for maintaining optimal performance.
Over-the-counter hearing aids are designed for adults with self-perceived mild to moderate hearing loss and no other medical conditions affecting the ear. If you have sudden hearing loss, ear pain, drainage, severe hearing loss, or a history of ear surgery, you should see an audiologist for a prescription device. An audiologist can perform a comprehensive hearing test to ensure the amplification is correctly programmed to your specific frequency needs, which OTC devices cannot do.
It usually takes several weeks to a few months for the brain to adapt to the new sounds amplified by hearing aids. During this period, start by wearing them for short periods in quiet environments and gradually increase the time and complexity of environments. If you experience physical pain, itching, or persistent discomfort, consult your audiologist immediately, as this may indicate an improper fit or an allergic reaction to the material, rather than just an adjustment issue.
Standard hearing aids primarily address hearing loss and do not directly treat balance disorders. However, some advanced models include features that can help with spatial awareness, and treating hearing loss can reduce the cognitive load required to process sound, which may indirectly improve stability. If you experience significant dizziness or vertigo, you need a specialized evaluation for vestibular rehabilitation or other treatments, as hearing aids alone are not a cure for balance disorders.
Source: MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine

MedlinePlus brings together authoritative health information from the National Library of Medicine (NLM), the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and other government agencies and health-related organizations.

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