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Sweat
Reviewed by Medicinsk Expert•Last updated: 2026-10-22•Skin Hair Nails

Sweat

Sweating is a natural bodily function used to regulate temperature, though excessive or insufficient perspiration can indicate underlying health concerns.

The Function of Sweat

Sweat is a clear, salty liquid produced by glands in your skin. It is the primary way your body cools itself, occurring mainly under your arms and on your feet and palms. When sweat mixes with bacteria on your skin, it can cause an odor, which can be managed by bathing regularly and using antiperspirants or deodorants.

When Sweating Becomes a Concern

Sweating a lot is normal during hot weather, exercise, anxiety, or fever, and it also occurs during menopause. However, there are specific conditions related to abnormal sweating:

  • Hyperhidrosis: This term describes the condition of often sweating too much. Causes include thyroid or nervous system disorders, low blood sugar, or other health problems.
  • Anhidrosis: This is the condition of sweating too little. It can be life-threatening because your body can overheat. Causes include dehydration, burns, and certain skin and nerve disorders.

Frequently Asked Questions

bnormal sweating includes: excessive sweating (hyperhidrosis) that interferes with daily activities, sweating that occurs at night or while at rest, sudden loss of sweating (anhidrosis) on a body part, sweating accompanied by heat intolerance, dizziness, or fainting, and new‑onset heavy sweating without obvious triggers. Any of these warrant a medical assessment.
Lifestyle measures include keeping the bedroom cool (68–70 °F), using breathable cotton bedding, and avoiding spicy foods, caffeine, and alcohol before bed. Hormone‑replacement therapy (HRT) or non‑hormonal options like low‑dose antidepressants (e.g., SSRIs) or gabapentin can reduce menopausal night sweats; discuss risks and benefits with your clinician.
Sudden anhidrosis can lead to overheating and may signal nerve damage, skin injury, or medication side effects. Gently cool the area, stay hydrated, and avoid strenuous activity. Promptly schedule an appointment for evaluation; a neurologic exam and skin assessment will help identify the cause.
First‑line therapy is prescription‑strength antiperspirants containing aluminum chloride applied nightly. If that fails, oral medications such as anticholinergics (e.g., glycopyrrolate) can be tried. For localized hyperhidrosis, iontophoresis (water‑based electrical current) or botulinum toxin injections are effective. In refractory cases, surgical sympathectomy may be considered.
Source: MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine

MedlinePlus brings together authoritative health information from the National Library of Medicine (NLM), the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and other government agencies and health-related organizations.

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