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Amylase Test
Reviewed by Medicinsk Expert•Last updated: 2026-10-22•Lab Tests

Amylase Test

The amylase test measures the levels of a digestive enzyme in your blood or urine to help diagnose and monitor conditions affecting the pancreas and salivary glands.

What is an amylase test?

An amylase test measures the amount of amylase in your blood or urine. Amylase is an enzyme—a protein that speeds up chemical reactions—that helps your body digest carbohydrates. Most amylase is produced by your pancreas and salivary glands. While small amounts are normal, elevated levels can indicate a disorder of the pancreas or salivary glands.

What is it used for?

The test is primarily used to diagnose and monitor pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas). Because amylase levels change in the blood before they change in the urine, both tests may be used in conjunction. It may also be used to monitor salivary gland disorders or other digestive conditions.

Why do I need an amylase test?

Your provider may order this test if you exhibit symptoms of a pancreatic disorder, which may include:

  • Upper abdominal pain that may radiate to the back, worsen after eating, or persist for days.
  • Loss of appetite.
  • Nausea and vomiting.
  • Fever.
  • Fast heartbeat.
  • Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes).
  • Greasy, foul-smelling stool.

It is also used to monitor conditions such as chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer, cystic fibrosis, alcohol use disorder, or recovery following gallstone removal.

What happens during an amylase test?

Blood test: A professional collects a blood sample from a vein in your arm using a small needle. The process typically takes less than five minutes.

Urine test: You will provide a urine sample. You may be given a cleansing wipe and instructions for the "clean catch" method to ensure the sample is not contaminated by germs from your skin.

Frequently Asked Questions

Blood amylase levels rise quickly after pancreatic injury, typically peaking within 12 to 24 hours, making blood tests more useful for diagnosing acute pancreatitis in the early stages. Urine amylase levels rise more slowly but remain elevated for a longer period, often up to several days. Therefore, a urine test may be more helpful if the onset of symptoms was more than 24 to 48 hours ago, or for monitoring chronic conditions, whereas blood tests are preferred for immediate diagnosis.
Yes, several substances can interfere with amylase levels. High doses of vitamin C, certain diuretics (water pills), and some pain relievers like codeine or morphine can cause false elevations. Conversely, some medications may lower levels. It is crucial to provide a complete list of all prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications, and supplements to your healthcare provider before the test so they can interpret the results accurately or adjust the timing of your medication if necessary.
Elevated amylase levels can occur due to several non-pancreatic causes, including salivary gland infections (such as mumps), kidney disease, or blockages in the small intestine. Certain medications, such as diuretics, opioids, and some antibiotics, can also cause temporary increases in amylase. Additionally, conditions like ovarian cysts or ectopic pregnancy may elevate levels. Your provider will interpret these results alongside your symptoms and other tests like lipase to determine the true cause.
Fasting is generally not required for a standard amylase blood test. However, if the test is ordered to evaluate for acute pancreatitis, your provider may ask you to fast for 8 to 12 hours prior to the draw to ensure accurate baseline levels, especially if other metabolic tests are being performed simultaneously. For routine monitoring or urine tests, normal eating and drinking are usually acceptable unless specifically instructed otherwise.
Source: MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine

MedlinePlus brings together authoritative health information from the National Library of Medicine (NLM), the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and other government agencies and health-related organizations.

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