Microalbumin Creatinine Ratio
The microalbumin creatinine ratio test measures protein levels in your urine to detect early signs of kidney disease, particularly in high-risk individuals.
What is a microalbumin creatinine ratio test?
This urine test checks for the presence of albumin, a protein that should generally remain in the blood. In healthy kidneys, only a trace amount of albumin (microalbumin) passes into the urine. If your kidneys are damaged, larger amounts of albumin may leak through. The test compares albumin levels to creatinine, a waste product from muscle wear and tear, to determine if your kidneys are filtering properly.
What is it used for?
The test is primarily used to screen for kidney disease in people who are at high risk but asymptomatic. You are at higher risk if you:
- Have diabetes or high blood pressure
- Have heart disease
- Are over 50 years old
- Smoke or have obesity
- Have a family history of kidney disease, diabetes, or high blood pressure
Why do I need this test?
Early kidney disease typically presents no symptoms. Because diabetes is a leading cause of kidney disease, annual testing is recommended for those with the condition. Early detection allows for treatment that can prevent the disease from worsening.
What happens during the test?
There are three common ways to collect a urine sample:
- Random/Spot sample: A single sample collected at any time of day, usually at a provider's office.
- Early morning/Timed sample: Collected first thing in the morning or after four hours of not using the bathroom.
- 24-hour sample: A collection of all urine produced over a 24-hour period, which is the most accurate method for measuring albumin.
When collecting a "clean catch" sample, it is important to follow your provider's instructions regarding the use of cleansing wipes to ensure that germs from your skin do not contaminate the sample.