Stool Elastase
The stool elastase test measures digestive enzyme levels to help diagnose exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI).
What is a stool elastase test?
This test measures the amount of elastase in your stool. Elastase is a digestive enzyme produced by the pancreas that breaks down fats, proteins, and carbohydrates. If your pancreas is functioning correctly, elastase is released into the small intestine and appears in the stool. Low levels of elastase indicate exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI), meaning the pancreas is not producing or releasing enough digestive juices, leading to malabsorption and malnutrition.
What is it used for?
The test is used to investigate the cause of unexplained digestive symptoms or to monitor pancreatic function in patients with conditions like cystic fibrosis, diabetes, or chronic pancreatitis.
Why do I need a stool elastase test?
Your provider may order this test if you experience symptoms of EPI, such as:
- Greasy, foul-smelling stools
- Abdominal pain, bloating, or gas
- Unexplained weight loss
- Malnutrition or delayed growth in children
What happens during the test?
You will need to provide a formed stool sample in a container provided by your clinic. It is critical that the sample does not mix with urine, toilet paper, or toilet water. Follow your provider's specific instructions regarding labeling, storage (refrigeration or freezing), and delivery of the sample.
Preparation and Risks
You may be asked to stop taking pancreatic enzyme supplements for five days prior to the test. Do not discontinue any medication without consulting your provider. There are no known risks associated with this test.
What do the results mean?
- Normal amount: Suggests you likely do not have EPI, though it does not rule it out completely. Further testing may be required if symptoms persist.
- Less than normal amount: May indicate EPI. Your provider will likely order follow-up tests to confirm the diagnosis and identify the underlying cause.
Additional Information
If you are diagnosed with EPI, treatment typically involves pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT), vitamin supplementation, and dietary adjustments, such as eating frequent small meals with healthy fats. Your provider may refer you to a dietician for personalized nutritional support.