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Trichomoniasis Test
Reviewed by Medicinsk Expert•Last updated: 2026-10-22•Lab Tests

Trichomoniasis Test

Trichomoniasis tests detect a common parasitic STI, allowing for timely treatment to prevent complications and further transmission.

What are trichomoniasis tests?

Trichomoniasis ("trich") is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by a single-celled parasite. It primarily affects the genital area. In women, the infection is usually in the vagina; in men, it is typically in the urethra. Because most people are asymptomatic, the infection can be spread unknowingly. If left untreated, it can increase the risk of other STIs, cause prostate infections, or lead to pregnancy complications like premature birth.

What is it used for?

Testing is used to diagnose symptomatic infections, screen high-risk individuals, and verify that an infection has been cleared after treatment.

Why do I need a trichomoniasis test?

You may need testing if:

  • You have symptoms: These may include genital itching, burning, redness, discomfort during urination or sex, or abnormal discharge with a fishy smell.
  • You are at high risk: Women with multiple partners, a history of STIs, or those who have unprotected sex should be screened.
  • You have completed treatment: To ensure the infection has not returned.

What happens during a trichomoniasis test?

A provider will examine your genitals and use a swab to collect a sample of fluid from the vagina, cervix, or urethra. You may also use at-home collection kits for urine or vaginal fluid, though results should always be discussed with a healthcare provider.

Will I need to do anything to prepare for the test?

No special preparation is required.

Are there any risks to the test?

There are no known risks to having a trichomoniasis test.

What do the results mean?

Initial testing often uses wet prep microscopy, which is quick but may require follow-up with more accurate methods like NAATs (nucleic acid amplification tests), rapid antigen tests, or culture tests if the initial result is negative but symptoms persist. A positive result confirms the infection, requiring antibiotic treatment for you and your sexual partners.

Frequently Asked Questions

negative result does not rule out trichomoniasis if the test type has lower sensitivity (e.g., wet‑prep). Repeat testing with a NAAT is advised. Additionally, evaluate for other causes of vaginitis (bacterial vaginosis, yeast infection) and consider a second clinician’s opinion. If symptoms persist, a repeat NAAT or a clinician‑performed culture may be necessary.
The gold standard is nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT) performed on vaginal or urethral swabs, or urine in men. NAATs detect parasite DNA with >95% sensitivity and are preferred for asymptomatic patients. Wet‑prep microscopy is less sensitive (≈70%) and is mainly used in settings without NAAT availability; it is best for symptomatic women. Culture is rarely used due to lower sensitivity and longer turnaround. For men, a urine NAAT is the most convenient and reliable option.
t‑home NAAT kits are available and can provide accurate results if the sample is collected correctly and the kit is from a reputable provider. However, the result must be interpreted by a clinician, and follow‑up care (prescription medication, partner notification) should be arranged. If you have symptoms or a high‑risk profile, an in‑person test is recommended to ensure prompt treatment.
Screening frequency depends on risk factors. For individuals with multiple partners, inconsistent condom use, or a history of STIs, annual screening is recommended. If you have a new partner or experience symptoms, test immediately. Some guidelines suggest screening every 6 months for high‑risk populations.===
Source: MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine

MedlinePlus brings together authoritative health information from the National Library of Medicine (NLM), the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and other government agencies and health-related organizations.

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