BCOR gene
The BCOR gene encodes the BCL6 corepressor, a protein that regulates gene activity and is essential for early embryonic development, including the formation of eyes and other organs.
Normal Function
The BCOR gene provides instructions for making the BCL6 corepressor. A corepressor is a protein that cannot bind to DNA on its own but interacts with other DNA-binding proteins to suppress the activity of specific genes. In this case, it partners with the protein produced by the BCL6 gene.
The BCL6 corepressor plays a critical role in early development, including the formation of the eyes and other tissues. It is believed to help specify the left and right sides of the body in the developing embryo and may regulate development by influencing apoptosis (the self-destruction of damaged or unnecessary cells).
Health Conditions Related to Genetic Changes
Oculofaciocardiodental syndrome
Variants in the BCOR gene can cause oculofaciocardiodental (OFCD) syndrome, a condition affecting the development of the eyes, facial features, heart, and teeth. The condition follows an X-linked dominant inheritance pattern.
- Females: Because females have two X chromosomes, one altered copy of the BCOR gene is sufficient to cause the condition. Affected individuals produce about half the normal amount of the BCL6 corepressor protein.
- Males: Because males have only one X chromosome, variants that prevent the production of the BCL6 corepressor are thought to be lethal very early in development.
Anophthalmia/Microphthalmia and Coloboma
Variants in the BCOR gene are also associated with Anophthalmia/Microphthalmia and Coloboma, conditions involving abnormal eye development.
Genomic Location
The BCOR gene is found on the X chromosome.