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Reye Syndrome
Reviewed by Medicinsk Expert•Last updated: 2026-10-22•Brain Nerves

Reye Syndrome

Reye syndrome is a rare, potentially life-threatening illness that affects the liver, brain, and blood following a viral infection.

Overview

Reye syndrome is a rare illness that can affect the blood, liver, and brain of someone who has recently had a viral infection. It always follows another illness. Although it mostly affects children and teens, anyone can get it. It can develop quickly and without warning. It is most common during flu season.

Symptoms

  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Listlessness
  • Personality change - such as irritability, combativeness or confusion
  • Delirium
  • Convulsions
  • Loss of consciousness

Diagnosis and Treatment

If these symptoms occur soon after a viral illness, seek medical attention immediately. Reye syndrome can lead to a coma and brain death, so quick diagnosis and treatment are critical. Treatment focuses on preventing brain damage. There is no cure.

Causes and Prevention

The cause of Reye syndrome is unknown. Studies have shown that taking aspirin increases the risk of getting it. Because of that, health care professionals now recommend other pain relievers for young patients.

Frequently Asked Questions

fter discharge, schedule follow‑up visits to monitor liver enzymes, ammonia levels, and neurological status. Watch for signs of persistent confusion, seizures, or new headaches. If any of these occur, contact the treating physician immediately. Parents should also keep a symptom diary to track changes in mood, energy, and sleep patterns, as subtle shifts can indicate relapse or new complications.
The first signs usually appear within a few days of a viral illness. Look for sudden, severe nausea and vomiting that does not improve with fluids, extreme fatigue or listlessness, and changes in behavior such as irritability, confusion, or agitation. If a child suddenly becomes drowsy or unresponsive, this is a medical emergency.
spirin and aspirin-containing products are strongly discouraged for children and teenagers who have had a viral infection, especially flu or chickenpox. Use acetaminophen or ibuprofen instead, and always follow dosing instructions. Avoid over-the-counter cold or flu blends that contain aspirin.
Call emergency services right away. While waiting, keep the child lying on their side to prevent choking if vomiting occurs, and do not give them food or drink. If the child is unconscious or has seizures, place them in a recovery position and monitor breathing. Do not wait for a scheduled appointment; rapid evaluation is critical.
Source: MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine

MedlinePlus brings together authoritative health information from the National Library of Medicine (NLM), the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and other government agencies and health-related organizations.

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