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Diabetes Mellitus
Reviewed by Medicinsk Expert•Last updated: 2026-10-22•Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes Mellitus encompasses a broad range of related topics, terms, and conditions.

Related Topics

  • A1C
  • Blood Glucose
  • Blood Sugar see Blood Glucose
  • Children and Diabetes see Diabetes in Children and Teens
  • Continuous Glucose Monitoring see Blood Glucose
  • Diabetes
  • Diabetes and Pregnancy
  • Diabetes Complications
  • Diabetes in Children and Teens
  • Diabetes Medicines
  • Diabetes Mellitus see Diabetes
  • Diabetes Prevention see How to Prevent Diabetes
  • Diabetes Type 1
  • Diabetes Type 2
  • Diabetic Diet
  • Diabetic Eye Problems
  • Diabetic Foot
  • Diabetic Heart Disease
  • Diabetic Kidney Problems
  • Diabetic Nephropathy see Diabetic Kidney Problems
  • Diabetic Nerve Problems
  • Diabetic Retinopathy see Diabetic Eye Problems
  • Gestational Diabetes see Diabetes and Pregnancy
  • Glucose see Blood Glucose
  • Hemoglobin A1c see A1C
  • High Blood Glucose see Hyperglycemia
  • High Blood Sugar see Hyperglycemia
  • How to Prevent Diabetes
  • Hyperglycemia
  • Hypoglycemic Medicines see Diabetes Medicines
  • Insulin see Diabetes Medicines
  • Insulin Resistance see Metabolic Syndrome; Prediabetes
  • Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus see Diabetes Type 1
  • Juvenile Diabetes see Diabetes Type 1
  • Metabolic Syndrome
  • Neuropathy see Diabetic Nerve Problems
  • Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus see Diabetes Type 2
  • Prediabetes
  • Pregnancy and Diabetes see Diabetes and Pregnancy
  • Sugar Diabetes see Diabetes; Diabetes Type 2
  • Syndrome X (Metabolic) see Metabolic Syndrome
  • Teens and Diabetes see Diabetes in Children and Teens
  • Type 1 Diabetes see Diabetes Type 1
  • Type II Diabetes see Diabetes Type 2

Frequently Asked Questions

When blood glucose drops below 70 mg/dL, consume 15 grams of fast-acting carbohydrates, such as 4 ounces of fruit juice, half a can of regular soda, or three to four glucose tablets. Wait 15 minutes and recheck blood sugar; if it remains under 70 mg/dL, consume another 15 grams of carbohydrates. Once blood sugar stabilizes within a safe range, eat a small snack containing complex carbohydrates and protein to prevent a subsequent drop.
The dawn phenomenon refers to an early-morning surge in blood glucose, typically between 3:00 AM and 8:00 AM, driven by the natural circadian release of counter-regulatory hormones like cortisol, growth hormone, and glucagon that stimulate liver glucose production. Clinicians distinguish this from rebound hyperglycemia following overnight hypoglycemia by checking blood glucose around 3:00 AM. Treatment often involves adjusting evening medication timing, altering basal insulin rates, or modifying bedtime snacks.
erobic and resistance training stimulate muscle contractions that absorb glucose independently of insulin, enhancing insulin sensitivity for up to 24 to 48 hours post-workout. While this lowers baseline blood glucose, it also increases the risk of delayed hypoglycemia, particularly in people taking insulin or sulfonylureas. Patients should monitor levels before, during, and after intense activity and adjust carbohydrate intake or medication doses as advised by their clinician.
When sick with an infection, the body releases stress hormones that raise blood glucose, requiring more frequent monitoring every two to four hours. Never discontinue basal insulin entirely even if you cannot keep regular meals down, drink plenty of calorie-free fluids to prevent dehydration, and test for urine or blood ketones if blood sugar exceeds 250 mg/dL. Contact a healthcare provider if you experience continuous vomiting lasting over four hours or persistently elevated ketone levels.
Source: MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine

MedlinePlus brings together authoritative health information from the National Library of Medicine (NLM), the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and other government agencies and health-related organizations.

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