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MRI Scans
Reviewed by Medicinsk Expert•Last updated: 2026-10-22•Diagnostic Tests

MRI Scans

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a painless diagnostic tool that uses magnets and radio waves to create detailed images of the body's internal structures.

What is an MRI scan?

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an imaging test that is usually painless and uses magnets, radio waves, and a computer to create detailed pictures of the inside of your body. MRI scans show organs and soft tissues clearly and can help tell healthy from unhealthy tissue in many cases.

Who needs an MRI scan?

MRI scans are often used to diagnose conditions that affect soft tissues and to monitor treatment. MRI may be used to look at:

  • The brain, spinal cord, and nerves
  • Muscles, ligaments, and tendons
  • Joints, such as the knee or shoulder

MRI does not use x-rays or other radiation. Because of this, it may be used when repeat imaging is needed.

How do you prepare for an MRI scan?

MRI machines use powerful magnets. Metal objects or implants can interfere with the scan and may be unsafe. Before your MRI, you will need to remove items such as:

  • Jewelry and watches
  • Hairpins
  • Hearing aids

Before your MRI, tell your health care provider if you:

  • Are pregnant
  • Are breastfeeding, especially if you may receive contrast material (a substance that helps some parts of your body show up more clearly on the images)
  • Feel anxious in enclosed spaces (claustrophobic)
  • Have kidney problems
  • Have metal in your body, such as bullets, shrapnel, or other metal fragments
  • Have metal or electronic devices in your body, such as a pacemaker, artificial joint, or other implants
  • Have tattoos or permanent makeup, since some darker inks may contain metal

How is an MRI scan done?

You will usually change into a hospital gown. Sometimes before the test, you may receive contrast, which is usually given through a vein (intravenously or IV).

During the scan, you lie on a table that slides inside a large, tunnel-like machine. Some facilities use an open MRI machine, which is less enclosed. The machine makes loud noises as it takes pictures. You may be given earplugs or headphones. The scan can take some time, depending on the part of your body being examined. You will need to stay very still during the scan.

What should I expect after an MRI scan?

After most MRI scans, you can return to normal activities right away. If you were given medicine to help you relax, someone will need to take you home. A specialist called a radiologist reviews the images and shares them with your provider.

Frequently Asked Questions

If you did not receive contrast dye or sedation, you can typically drive yourself home immediately after the scan. However, if you were given a sedative to help with anxiety, you will need a designated driver, as the medication can impair your reflexes and judgment for several hours. Contrast dye itself does not typically impair driving, but you should monitor for any allergic reactions or unusual symptoms before leaving the facility. Always follow the specific discharge instructions provided by your imaging center.
The MRI images are reviewed by a radiologist, a doctor specialized in interpreting medical images. This process usually takes 24 to 48 hours, though complex cases may take longer. Your referring physician will then review the radiologist's report and discuss the findings with you. You may receive the results via a patient portal, a phone call, or at a follow-up appointment. If the scan was for an urgent condition, such as a suspected stroke or acute injury, the results may be communicated to the emergency or primary care team much faster.
Most modern tattoos and permanent makeup are safe for MRI scans, but there is a small risk of discomfort or minor skin irritation. Some older or darker inks may contain metallic particles that can heat up slightly in the magnetic field. This usually causes a warm sensation or tingling rather than serious injury, but if you experience pain or burning during the scan, you must inform the technologist immediately. They can pause the scan or adjust the settings to ensure your safety.
Claustrophobia is a common concern, but there are several ways to manage it. You can ask your provider about mild sedatives or anti-anxiety medication to take before the scan. Many MRI centers offer headphones with music or audio programs to help you relax. Additionally, you can practice deep breathing techniques and bring a support person to the waiting area. If you feel overwhelmed, press the call button to speak with the technologist, who can pause the scan or talk you through the process.
Source: MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine

MedlinePlus brings together authoritative health information from the National Library of Medicine (NLM), the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and other government agencies and health-related organizations.

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