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Hurricanes
Reviewed by Medicinsk Expert•Last updated: 2026-10-22•Disasters

Hurricanes

Hurricanes are severe tropical storms characterized by high winds and heavy rains that can cause widespread destruction and flooding.

Overview

A hurricane is a severe type of tropical storm that produces high winds, heavy rains, and thunderstorms. These storms can cause tremendous damage, with winds capable of exceeding 155 miles per hour.

Impact and Risks

Hurricanes and tropical storms can spawn tornadoes and lead to significant flooding. The combination of high winds and heavy rains can destroy buildings, roads, and bridges, while also knocking down power lines and trees. In coastal areas, very high tides known as storm surges cause extensive damage.

Preparedness and Coping

While there are no guarantees of safety during a hurricane, taking proactive steps can help protect you. It is recommended that you have a disaster plan in place, as being prepared can help reduce fear, anxiety, and losses. If you experience a disaster, it is normal to feel stressed, and you may need help finding ways to cope.

Source: Federal Emergency Management Agency

Frequently Asked Questions

You should evacuate as soon as a hurricane warning is issued for your area, ideally 24 to 48 hours before landfall. Waiting until the last minute can result in gridlocked roads, closed bridges, and dangerous driving conditions. Check local emergency management announcements for specific evacuation routes and shelter locations, and leave early to avoid traffic congestion and ensure your safety.
Secure or bring in all outdoor furniture, trash cans, and other loose items that can become projectiles. Trim trees and shrubs to remove dead branches that could fall on your roof. Install storm shutters or pre-cut plywood to protect windows. Clear gutters and downspouts to ensure proper drainage, and consider installing a backup generator for essential medical equipment, ensuring it is placed outdoors and properly vented to prevent carbon monoxide poisoning.
storm surge is the rise in sea level caused by a hurricane's winds pushing water onshore. It is considered the most dangerous aspect because it can cause catastrophic flooding in coastal areas, often reaching heights of 15 feet or more. Unlike rain flooding, storm surge water moves with immense force, capable of destroying structures and sweeping away vehicles. If you live in a designated evacuation zone due to storm surge risk, you must leave when instructed.
If water begins to rise around your vehicle, do not attempt to drive through flooded roads. If you are trapped and water is rising, immediately exit the vehicle and move to higher ground, such as the roof of the car or a nearby hill. Do not wait for the water to reach the windows. If you cannot escape the vehicle, stay inside until the water level stabilizes, and use a phone or whistle to signal for help. Never walk or drive through moving water, as just six inches of moving water can knock an adult off their feet.
Source: MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine

MedlinePlus brings together authoritative health information from the National Library of Medicine (NLM), the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and other government agencies and health-related organizations.

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