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Ureteral Disorders
Reviewed by Medicinsk Expert•Last updated: 2026-10-22•Kidneys Urinary System

Ureteral Disorders

The ureters are essential tubes that transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder, and their function can be compromised by blockages or injury.

Overview

Your kidneys make urine by filtering wastes and extra water from your blood. The urine travels from the kidneys to the bladder in two thin tubes called ureters.

The ureters are about 8 to 10 inches long. Muscles in the ureter walls tighten and relax to force urine down and away from the kidneys. Small amounts of urine flow from the ureters into the bladder about every 10 to 15 seconds.

Causes and Complications

Sometimes the ureters can become blocked or injured. This can block the flow of urine to the bladder. If urine stands still or backs up the ureter, you may get a urinary tract infection.

Diagnosis and Treatment

Doctors diagnose problems with the ureters using different tests. These include:

  • Urine tests
  • X-rays
  • Examination of the ureter with a scope called a cystoscope

Treatment depends on the cause of the problem. It may include medicines and, in severe cases, surgery.

Frequently Asked Questions

If the pain is accompanied by fever, chills, vomiting, a rapid heart rate, or you cannot produce any urine, treat it as an emergency. These signs suggest infection (pyelonephritis) or complete obstruction, both of which need immediate treatment to protect kidney function.
Sudden, severe flank pain that comes in waves (often described as “colicky”), blood in the urine, nausea or vomiting, fever, and a decrease in urine output are classic warning signs. If you notice any of these, especially fever or inability to urinate, seek medical attention promptly.
Your provider will start with a urinalysis to look for blood or infection, then order imaging—usually a non‑contrast CT scan of the abdomen/pelvis, which can pinpoint the stone’s size, location, and whether it’s obstructing urine flow. An ultrasound may be used in pregnancy or when radiation avoidance is preferred.
Yes. Staying well‑hydrated (aim for at least 2‑3 L of fluid daily unless restricted), avoiding prolonged catheter use, and promptly treating urinary infections can reduce scar formation. If you have a history of ureteral surgery, your urologist may also recommend periodic imaging to catch early narrowing.
Source: MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine

MedlinePlus brings together authoritative health information from the National Library of Medicine (NLM), the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and other government agencies and health-related organizations.

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