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Air Pollution
Reviewed by Medicinsk Expert•Last updated: 2026-10-22•Poisoning Toxicology Environmental Health

Air Pollution

Air pollution consists of a mixture of hazardous particles and gases that can pose significant health risks to both indoor and outdoor environments.

Overview

Air pollution is a mixture of solid particles and gases in the air. Common components include:

  • Car emissions
  • Chemicals from factories
  • Dust, pollen, and mold spores
  • Ozone (a gas that, when part of air pollution, is also called smog)

Health Impacts

Some air pollutants are poisonous, and inhaling them can increase the likelihood of developing health problems. While air pollution is often associated with the outdoors, the air inside buildings can also be polluted and affect your health.

Vulnerable Populations

Certain groups are at greater risk from the effects of air pollution, including:

  • People with heart or lung disease
  • Older adults
  • Children

Source: Environmental Protection Agency

Frequently Asked Questions

Indoor sources include cooking fumes, cleaning products, mold, pet dander, and smoke. Ensure good ventilation, use exhaust fans, keep your home clean and dry to prevent mold, and avoid harsh chemical cleaners.
Check daily air quality forecasts and limit outdoor activities on high pollution days. Keep windows closed, use air purifiers indoors, and avoid activities that create indoor pollutants like smoking or burning candles.
You might experience coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, eye irritation, or headaches. If symptoms are severe, persistent, or worsen, especially for those with existing heart or lung conditions, seek medical help immediately.
You can check local weather reports, government environmental agency websites (like the EPA in the US), or air quality monitoring apps. These resources often use an Air Quality Index (AQI) to indicate current pollution levels and associated health recommendations.
Source: MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine

MedlinePlus brings together authoritative health information from the National Library of Medicine (NLM), the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and other government agencies and health-related organizations.

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