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Breast Reconstruction
Reviewed by Medicinsk Expert•Last updated: 2026-10-22•Women

Breast Reconstruction

Breast reconstruction is a personal choice that can be performed during or after a mastectomy to rebuild the shape of the breast.

Overview

If you need a mastectomy, you have a choice about whether or not to have surgery to rebuild the shape of the breast. Instead of breast reconstruction, you could choose to wear a breast form that replaces the breast, wear padding inside your bra, or do nothing. All of these options have pros and cons. What is right for one woman may not be right for another.

Timing and Consultation

Breast reconstruction may be done at the same time as the mastectomy, or it may be done later on. If radiation therapy is part of the treatment plan, your doctor may suggest waiting until after radiation therapy.

If you're thinking about breast reconstruction, talk to a plastic surgeon before the mastectomy, even if you plan to have your reconstruction later on.

Methods of Reconstruction

A surgeon can reconstruct the breast in many ways:

  • Breast implants: These are filled with saline or silicone gel.
  • Tissue transfer: This method uses skin, muscle, and fat taken from another part of your body, such as your lower abdomen, back, or buttocks.

The type of reconstruction that is best for you depends on your age, body type, and the type of cancer surgery that you had. A plastic surgeon can help you decide.

Frequently Asked Questions

Radiation can thin the skin, cause fat necrosis, and increase the chance of implant rupture or capsular contracture. To minimize these risks, surgeons may delay reconstruction until after radiation, use tissue expanders that can be removed or replaced, or choose autologous tissue which is more tolerant of radiation. Discuss timing and technique with your plastic surgeon.
Yes, breast forms (silicone or foam) and bra padding are non‑surgical options that can provide symmetry and a natural look. They are adjustable, removable, and generally more comfortable for daily wear, but they may not fully replicate the feel of natural breast tissue and can require frequent replacement or cleaning.
Implant reconstruction typically involves a shorter initial recovery (a few weeks) but may require future revisions or removal. Autologous tissue (flap) reconstruction has a longer initial recovery (several weeks to months) due to donor site healing but often provides a more natural feel, less risk of capsular contracture, and fewer long‑term changes in breast shape.
Immediate reconstruction is often chosen if the patient is healthy, not scheduled for radiation, and prefers to avoid a second surgery. Delayed reconstruction is recommended if radiation therapy is planned, if the patient needs additional oncologic procedures, or if they want to wait until they feel emotionally ready. The surgeon will weigh the risks, benefits, and personal preferences.
Source: MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine

MedlinePlus brings together authoritative health information from the National Library of Medicine (NLM), the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and other government agencies and health-related organizations.

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