Growth Hormone Tests
Growth hormone (GH) tests measure hormone levels in the blood to diagnose and monitor conditions related to growth and metabolism.
Overview
Growth hormone (GH) tests check if your body is producing the correct amount of GH, which is essential for growth in children and bone and muscle health in adults. Because GH levels fluctuate throughout the day, these tests often measure related proteins and hormones to provide an accurate assessment of pituitary gland function.
GH Disorders
- GH deficiency: Insufficient GH, which can lead to slowed growth in children and reduced bone density or muscle mass in adults.
- Gigantism: A rare childhood condition caused by excess GH, leading to excessive height and large hands/feet.
- Acromegaly: An adult condition caused by excess GH, resulting in thickened bones and enlarged facial features.
Test Procedures
Providers use specific tests based on suspected conditions:
- GH Stimulation Test (for deficiency): You receive medicine via an IV to stimulate the pituitary gland, followed by blood samples over two hours to see if GH levels rise.
- GH Suppression Test (for excess): You drink a glucose solution, and blood samples are taken every 30 minutes for two hours to see if GH levels decrease.
Understanding Results
If GH levels fail to increase during a stimulation test, it may indicate a GH deficiency, which can be treated with GH supplementation. If levels fail to decrease during a suppression test, it may indicate GH excess, which is often caused by a pituitary tumor and may require surgery, radiation, or medication.
Additional Testing
Providers may also order:
- IGF-1 test: Measures a hormone that reflects GH effects and is more stable throughout the day.
- IGBP-3 test: Measures a protein that carries IGF-1, helping to diagnose deficiency, insensitivity, or excess.