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Postpartum Depression Screening
Reviewed by Medicinsk Expert•Last updated: 2026-10-22•Lab Tests

Postpartum Depression Screening

Postpartum depression screening uses standardized questionnaires to identify mood disorders that occur after childbirth.

What is a postpartum depression screening?

Postpartum depression is a serious mood disorder that can last for months and affect how you think and behave. It is distinct from the "baby blues," which are milder and resolve quickly. Because symptoms can begin anytime within the first year of parenthood, providers often screen mothers repeatedly during this period.

Why do I need screening?

Screening is recommended because early detection allows for effective treatment through talk therapy or medication. Symptoms include:

  • Persistent feelings of sadness or emptiness.
  • Changes in eating or sleeping habits.
  • Excessive anger or crying.
  • Withdrawal from friends and family.
  • Lack of interest in the baby or constant doubt regarding caregiving abilities.

Emergency Warning: If you have thoughts of hurting yourself or your baby, seek help immediately by calling 911, going to an emergency room, or contacting the National Suicide and Crisis Lifeline by calling or texting 988.

What happens during the screening?

You will answer a set of questions, such as those found in the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Your provider may also order blood tests to rule out physical conditions like thyroid disorders (hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism) that can mimic depressive symptoms.

What do the results mean?

If the screening indicates postpartum depression, treatment options include:

  • Counseling: Talk therapy to support mental health.
  • Medication: Antidepressants (inform your provider if you are breastfeeding).
  • Lifestyle adjustments: Seeking help with chores, prioritizing rest, and joining support groups.

In rare, severe cases, providers may use brain stimulation therapies like electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). If you experience postpartum psychosis—characterized by hallucinations or confusion—this is a medical emergency requiring immediate intervention.

Frequently Asked Questions

Certain SSRIs (e.g., sertraline, paroxetine) are considered relatively safe during breastfeeding, but the decision depends on the medication’s transfer to breast milk, the infant’s age, and the severity of your depression. Discuss risks and benefits with your provider to choose the best option.
Most guidelines recommend screening at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months postpartum, especially if you have risk factors such as a history of depression, high stress, or lack of support. Some clinicians screen earlier if symptoms appear sooner.
high score indicates a risk for postpartum depression and warrants a more detailed evaluation. It may reflect subclinical symptoms or a false positive; your provider will assess mood, sleep, appetite, and functional impairment before deciding on treatment.
Call 911, go to the nearest emergency department, or contact the National Suicide and Crisis Lifeline by calling or texting 988. Tell your provider immediately so they can arrange urgent care and a safety plan.===
Source: MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine

MedlinePlus brings together authoritative health information from the National Library of Medicine (NLM), the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and other government agencies and health-related organizations.

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