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Medicines and Children
Reviewed by Medicinsk Expert•Last updated: 2026-10-22•Drug Therapy

Medicines and Children

Giving medicines to children requires careful attention to dosage, labeling, and safety—mistakes can lead to serious side effects.

Key Tips for Safe Medication Use

  • Read and follow the label directions every time. Pay special attention to usage directions and warnings.
  • Watch out for problems.
    • You notice any new symptoms or unexpected side effects in your child.
    • The medicine doesn't appear to be working when you expect it to. For example, antibiotics may take a few days to start working, but a pain reliever usually starts working soon after your child takes it.
  • Know the abbreviations for the amounts of medicines:
    • Tablespoon (tbsp.)
    • Teaspoon (tsp.)
    • Milligram (mg.)
    • Milliliter (mL.)
    • Ounce (oz.)
  • Use the correct dosing device. If the label says two teaspoons and you're using a dosing cup with ounces only, don't try to guess how many teaspoons it would be. Get the proper measuring device. Don't substitute another item, such as a kitchen spoon.
  • Check with your health care provider or pharmacist before giving two medicines at the same time. That way, you can avoid a possible overdose or an unwanted interaction.
  • Follow age and weight limit recommendations. If the label says don't give to children under a certain age or weight, then don't do it.
  • Always use the child‑resistant cap and re‑lock the cap after each use. Also, keep all medicines out of the reach of children.
  • Ask your health care provider or pharmacist if you have any questions.

Food and Drug Administration

Frequently Asked Questions

No, you should never use a standard kitchen spoon because they vary significantly in size and are not calibrated for medical dosing. Using a kitchen spoon can lead to accidental over- or under-dosing, which may result in ineffective treatment or serious side effects. Always use the specific dosing device provided with the medication, such as a dosing syringe, oral syringe, or measuring cup, to ensure accuracy. What should I do if I notice new symptoms after starting a new medication?::If you observe any new symptoms, unexpected side effects, or if the medicine does not seem to be working as expected, contact your healthcare provider or pharmacist immediately. For example, while antibiotics may take several days to show full effect, pain relievers typically work much faster. Do not stop the medication or change the dose without professional guidance, as this can complicate treatment. How can I prevent accidental poisoning or overdose in my child?::Always use the child-resistant cap and re-lock it after every use to prevent unauthorized access. Keep all medicines, including over-the-counter products, out of the reach and sight of children, ideally in a locked cabinet. Additionally, consult your provider before giving two different medicines simultaneously to avoid dangerous interactions or accidental double-dosing of similar ingredients. What are the common abbreviations I need to know when reading a child's medication label?::You should be familiar with abbreviations for volume and weight to ensure correct dosing. These include tablespoon (tbsp.), teaspoon (tsp.), milligram (mg.), milliliter (mL.), and ounce (oz.). It is critical to distinguish between weight (mg) and volume (mL) and to use the correct measuring tool that matches the unit specified on the label to avoid calculation errors.
Source: MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine

MedlinePlus brings together authoritative health information from the National Library of Medicine (NLM), the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and other government agencies and health-related organizations.

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